Mu gihe mu Rwanda no ku isi hose hizihizwa Umunsi Mpuzamahanga w’Umurimo tariki ya 1 Gicurasi, inzego zitandukanye zagaragaje ko kuba umushahara fatizo u Rwanda rugenderaho umaze igihe kirekire bifite ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho y’abakozi n’ubukungu bw’igihugu muri rusange.
Umushahara fatizo u Rwanda rwagize umaze imyaka isaga 40 ugiyeho, aho byari biteganyijwe ko umuntu wese ukorera abandi, atagomba guhembwa munsi ya 100 Frw ku munsi.
Icyo umaze ni ugufasha abaturage kwivana mu bukene no gutera imbere.
Ubushakashatsi bwa Gatanu ku mibereho y’ingo (EICV5) bwagaragaje ko nibura Umunyarwanda ubarwa nk’umukene ari utabasha kwinjiza 159,375 Frw ku mwaka.
Ni mu gihe mu 2018, Igenzura ku murimo ryakozwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (Labour Force Survey), ryagaragaje ko nibura umukozi w’Umunyarwanda uhembwa ku kwezi, yinjiza nibura 56,982 Frw ku mpuzandengo.
Itegeko N° 66/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda ryemeje ko umushahara fatizo ugomba kujyaho ariko bikagenwa n’Iteka rya Minisitiri ufite umurimo mu nshingano ze. Kugeza ubu iri teka ntirirajyaho.
Umunyamabanga Mukuru wa Sendika y’abakozi bo mu bucukuzi bwa mine na kariyeri (REWU), Eng. André Mutsindashyaka, yavuze ko kuba uyu mushahara utariho bituma abakozi bahembwa intica ntikize ndetse ahandi ntibagire icyo bahembwa kubera ko nta gihari cyagenwe n’itegeko.
Ati: “Nko mu rwego rw’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, kugeza uyu munsi hari abakozi batajya bahembwa iyo batabonye umusaruro”.
“Turamutse dufite umushahara fatizo wa mukozi wagiye gukorera umuntu, kubera ko yamukoreye ubwabyo, yagombye guhembwa wa mushahara fatizo washyizweho na leta ariko kugeza uyu munsi nta wuhari”.
Iki kibazo ngo kibangamiye imibereho n’iterambere ry’umukozi n’igihugu muri rusange kuko bituma hari abatabona ubushobozi bwo gutunga ingo zabo no guteganyiriza ahazaza.
Ati: “Umukozi utabona igihembo gikwiye yabasha gute gutunga umuryango we? Ese nagera muri pansiyo azahabwa iki?”
“Uyu munsi turacyafite abantu badafite ubwiherero wanareba ugasanga ni abakozi kuri za shantiye n’ibigo runaka kubera umushahara w’intica ntikize bahembwa bitewe n’uko tudafite umushahara fatizo ujyanye n’ubuzima bw’igihugu”.
Eng. Mutsindashyaka yavuze ko muri iki gihe umushahara fatizo mushya utarashyirwaho, abakoresha bashishikarizwa kuyoboka umuco wo kuganira n’abakozi binyuze mu ‘masezerano rusange’ ateganywa n’itegeko ry’umurimo, akorwa hagati y’abakoresha na sendika z’abakozi.
Ati: “Ibyo sendika yemeranyije n’umukoresha bigashyirwaho umukono bifatwa nk’itegeko. Turasaba abakoresha ngo bagire imyumvire yo gukunda abakozi babo kuko ari kimwe mu bituma umusaruro w’ikigo wiyongera”.
“Umukozi wakoze yishimye abasha gutanga umusaruro. Gukoresha umukozi wirirwa avuga ko atabayeho neza, abana bananiwe kujya mu ishuri, bananiwe kubona ibibatunga, kubona iby’ibanze bigoranye ntibitanga umusaruro”.
Impuguke mu by’ubukungu, Habyarimana Straton, yavuze ko kuba igihembo umukozi yahabwaga mu myaka 10 cyangwa 20 ishize kingana n’icyo ahabwa ubu nyamara bizwi ko ibiciro bigenda bizamuka, ifaranga rigatakaza agaciro, bituma umukozi yumva ko umurimo we udahabwa agaciro.
Ati: “Niba warakoraga amasaha umunani ukabona ibihumbi 30 Frw, ubu bikaba ari ko bikimeze, ayo mafaranga akaba ubu yarikubye inshuro eshatu mu madolari, bivuze ko agaciro baha wa murimo wawe kagabanutseho inshuro eshatu zose”.
Habyarimana na we yashimangiye ko akazi k’umukozi kahawe agaciro bituma akora anyuzwe n’ibyo akora bitaba ibyo bamwe bagakora nabi, bakarya ruswa, bakiba, abandi bagakora bashaka aho bakura andi mafaranga bityo ntibashyize umutima ku kazi ndetse bikagera aho bamwe bakakareka, umubare w’abashomeri ukagenda wiyongera.
Agaruka ku ngaruka iki kibazo kigira ku bukungu, Habyarimana yavuze ko gifitanye isano no kuba igipimo cy’abateganyiriza izabukuru kikiri hasi.
Ati: “Burya umuntu azigama iyo yarangije guhaza iby’ibanze akenera kuri we no ku muryango we. Ntabwo wajya kuzigama utariye, ibyo na byo bigira ingaruka ku bukungu kubona igihugu gitunzwe n’amafaranga yazigamwe n’abanyamahanga kwa kundi tujya kuguza mu mabanki yo hanze”.
Muri iki gihe ibiciro byazamutse cyane ku buryo ubushobozi bwo guhaha bwagabanutse by’umwihariko ku bakozi binjiza amafaranga make.
Habyarimana yavuze ko umushahara fatizo atari wo wakemura ikibazo cy’izamuka ry’ibiciro mu buryo burambye ahubwo bitagenzuwe neza watuma ibiciro birushaho kuzamuka kuko abantu baba babonye ubushobozi bwo guhaha burenze ubwo bari basanganywe.
Ubwo yaganiraga n’ikinyamakuru IGIHE, Umudepite mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko y’u Rwanda, Dr Frank Habineza yavuze ko ku bantu bikorera bakunda kwica amategeko agenga umurimo, umushahara fatizo urinda abakozi bemera gufata uwo babonye ku bw’amaburakindi kuko iyo bazi ko hari itegeko badatanga ayo bishakiye yose.
Ati: “Iyo wabuze akazi upfa kwemera umushahara uwo ari wo wose. Bifasha n’abanyamahanga bashaka kuza mu gihugu. Abajya i Burayi ni uko baba bazi ko hari iby’ibanze umuntu ahabona”.
“Urugero muri Suède, abakora akazi gafatwa nk’agasuzuguritse nko gukubura mu muhanda, amafaranga bahembwa aba ageze mu bihumbi 700 Frw kandi iyo bakaguhaye bakwishyurira n’imisoro ugasanga hari uko umuntu ahagaze. Ni yo mpamvu abantu babyiganira i Burayi”.
Yakomeje ati: “Umushahara fatizo urakenewe kuko kuri ubu hagenderwa ku bya kera. Iyo udahari umuntu akagira impanuka kugira ngo bamubarire ibijyanye n’u ubwishingizi hashingirwa kuri bya bindi bya kera”.
Twagerageje kubaza muri Minisiteri y’Abakozi ba Leta n’Umurimo aho ibyo gushyiraho Iteka rigena umushahara fatizo bigeze ariko ntibyadukundira.
Depite Habineza yavuze ko amakuru aheruka umwaka ushize ari uko imbanzirizamushinga w’iri teka yari yaramaze gutegurwa. Icyo gihe ngo yari ikiri kuganirwaho mu Biro bya Minisitiri w’Intebe.
Insanganyamatsiko y’Umunsi Mpuzamahanga w’Umurimo muri uyu mwaka wa 2022, igira iti “Ahazaza h’Umurimo, Intego dusangiye”.
IGIHE
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