Imyaka 49 irashize mu Rwanda habaye ihirikwa ry’ubutegetsi ari naryo rukumbi ryabayemo kuva rwakwitwa Repubulika mu 1962. Ni igikorwa cyabaye kuwa 5 Nyakanga 1973, ubwo Gen Major Habyarimana Juvénal yakuraga ku butegetsi Perezida Kayibanda Grégoire yari abereye Minisitiri w’Ingabo.
Ni coup d’Etat n’ubu itarasobanuka, kabone nubwo abavutse yabaye bari kwinjira mu myaka y’ubusaza. Ingoma ya Habyarimana yarinze ihirima atarasobanura neza icyo yapfuye na Kayibanda wamufataga nk’umwana we kuva mu 1962.
Itangazo rya Habyarimana n’abandi basirikare icumi biyise ‘Camarades du 5 Juillet’, ntirisobanura neza icyatumye bamukuraho uretse kumushinja ko yabaye igikoresho cy’abashakaga gushyira igihugu mu kaga.
Umwaka wa 1973 Kayibanda yahirikiwemo watangiye mu gihugu hari ibibazo byinshi cyane cyane ivanguramoko ryari ryatangiye gufata indi ntera. Mu mashuri no mu mirimo, abatutsi bari bari kwicwa ahandi birukanwa umusubirizo bazi ko ari abatutsi.
Hari abapfuye, abarokotse bahunga igihugu ndetse ibinyamakuru mpuzamahanga bitangaza inkuru zagaragazaga ko mu gihugu hari gutegurwa Jenoside.
Ni umwaka kandi wagombaga kubamo amatora ya Perezida aho Kayibanda yagombaga kurekura ubutegetsi nyuma ya manda ebyiri nk’uko Itegeko Nshinga ryabivugaga. Icyakora, Kayibanda ntiyashakaga kurekura ndetse yahiritswe uwo munsi hateguwe Inteko rusange y’ishyaka MDR Parmehutu yagombaga kumutanga nk’umukandida ku yindi manda.
Habyarimana amaze gufata ubutegetsi, yagiye agerageza kwirinda kuvuga kuri Kayibanda n’icyo bapfuye, agashaka kubihirikira ku bakoranaga na we.
Tariki ya 1 Kanama 1973 nibwo Habyarimana yashyizeho Guverinoma ya mbere, hashize iminsi 25 afashe ubutegetsi ku ngufu. Ni nawo munsi Habyarimana yavuze byeruye ku cyo bapfuye na Kayibanda.
Icyo gihe yagize ati: “Kuwa Gatanu Nyakanga 1973, twabamenyesheje umwanzuro wari wafashwe n’abasirikare bakuru bose mu ngabo zacu. Gukwirakwiza abo basirikare bakuru mu duce dutandukanye tw’igihugu bagashyirwa mu mirimo idahuye n’amapeti yabo, ni umugambi wari wateguwe neza n’ubutegetsi bwari buriho”.
Mu mvugo ye, Habyarimana yigaragazaga nk’utari ugize ubutegetsi bwa Kayibanda kandi yari amaze imyaka icumi muri Guverinoma. Binavugwa ko ubugizi bwa nabi bwibasiye Abatutsi, igisirikare cyagize uruhare mu kubukongeza kugira ngo cyerekane intege nke za Kayibanda, wari usanzwe azwiho kwanga urunuka Abatutsi.
Habyarimana yavuze ko Kayibanda yari azengurutswe n’ibisambo ari nabyo byamuvangiye.
Ati: “Twamaganye iyo politiki yo kwigizayo bamwe yatangijwe n’ibisambo byari bikikije umukuru w’igihugu byitwaje ko ananiwe […] Twaravuze tuti ‘Oya’ ku irondakarere, aho akarere kamwe gashaka guhaka utundi. Icyenewabo cyari cyaramunze inzego zacu zose. Twanze ako karengane”.
Habyarimana yari agiye kwicwa?
Kuwa 1 Kanama 1973, Habyarimana yabwiye abaturage ko bakwiriye gushima Rurema kuba agihumeka, ngo kuko ibyegera bya Kayibanda byari bigiye kumuhitana.
Amakuru avuga ko mu ijoro ryo kuwa 4 Nyakanga Habyarimana yahamagawe mu biro bya Kayibanda wakoreraga mu Mujyi wa Kigali rwagati ahubatse Hotel Marriot ubu.
Ngo icyo gihe imodoka ye yarashwe atarahagera, bikozwe n’abantu bashakaga kumuhitana, ari nacyo cyatumye ahita yifatanya n’abandi basirikare bakarara bahiritse Kayibanda.
Habyarimana ubwe ntasobanura uko umugambi wo kumuhitana Leta ya Kayibanda yari yawuteguye, gusa yashimangiye ko byanze bikunze yagombaga gupfa, bityo ko Coup d’Etat ari yo mahitamo yari asigaranye.
Ati: “Mu ijoro ryo kuwa 4 rishyira kuwa 5 Nyakanga, twararusimbutse ku mugambi mubisha wari wateguwe n’abo bagome”.
“Hari hateguwe urutonde rw’abantu bagomba kwicwa kandi rwateguwe n’abari ibyegera bya Perezida Kayibanda. Ni Imana yakinze ukuboko ngo njye ubavugisha uyu munsi mbashe kurokoka umugambi mubisha wari wanteguriwe muri icyo gitondo cy’uwa 5 Nyakanga”.
“Ninjye wagombaga gupfa mbere nkakurikirwa n’abandi benshi. Twafashe umwanzuro wo kuburizamo uwo mugambi wo kumena amaraso y’abana b’u Rwanda”.
Hashize imyaka itatu afashe ubutegetsi, kuwa 5 Nyakanga 1976 Habyarimana yongeye kuvuga ko Kayibanda yazize ubusambo bw’ibyegera bye.
Ati: “Habonetse bamwe mubo Igihugu cyari cyemereye kukibera inkingi babiciye iruhande bagashaka kwiharira no kwihehererezaho ibyo Revolution ya 1959 yasangije Imbaga nyamwinshi”.
“Uwo mururumba bashyigikije inzangano n’ikinyoma bawugize agakingirizo k’ubugome bwari bugamije gutsemba benshi mu ntwari z’u Rwanda basangaga zitazemera ko abana b’u Rwanda bakomeza kubuzwa amahoro n’inda za bamwe”.
Yongeyeho ati: “Twanze ko ubukungu, ubumenyi n’ubutegetsi bwaharirwa agace kamwe k’u Rwanda kandi twese turuvunikira”.
Habyarimana n’Abahutu bo mu Majyaruguru n’Uburengerazuba, bashinjaga Kayibanda gutonesha Abahutu bo muri Gitarama, abakwirakwiza mu myanya myiza y’ubutegetsi.
Nubwo Habyarimana yahiritse Kayibanda, yakunze kumugaragaza nk’aho yazize abajyanama babi ndetse umuryango we kimwe n’iy’abanyapolitiki bo muri Gitarama bishwe nyuma ya Coup d’Etat, ayigenera amafaranga y’impozamarira.
Kayibanda yakatiwe urwo gupfa mu 1974 gusa aza kubabarirwa ahabwa igifungo cya burundu. Yapfuye aguye iwe i Kavumu muri Muhanga kuwa 15 Ukuboza 1976 azize ubuzima bubi, hakaba n’abavuga ko yishwe n’ubutegetsi bwa Habyarimana.
Muri Mutarama 1979 ubwo Habyarimana yarahiriraga manda ya kabiri, yavuze ko nubwo Kayibanda hari ibyo yakoze nabi, yabimubabariye bityo amuhaye umudari wari uzwi nka Ordre National des Mille Collines.
Yagize ati: “twabonye ko uyu munsi byaba byiza gufata ibyemezo bigirira imbabazi Abanyarwanda bari mu bihano. Mbere na mbere nkaba nsabye Abanyarwanda bose kwibagirwa burundu ibibi byakozwe n’uwahoze ari Umukuru w’Igihugu Grégoire Kayibanda”.
“Tumuhanagureho ubwo busembwa kubera ibikorwa yakoreye u Rwanda, n’ubwo byaje kwanduzwa n’abamunanije maze bakamushuka”.
Habyarimana yahiritse Kayibanda amushinja amakosa arimo ubugambanyi, icyenewabo n’ubujura, nyamara na Leta ye nibyo yakoze kuko ubutegetsi, imirimo ya Leta, amashuri, igisirikare n’ibindi byahawe cyane abahutu bo mu Majyaruguru n’Uburengerazuba, akomeza Politiki ya Kayibanda ho guheeza abatutsi n’abari mu mahanga abangira kugaruka mu gihugu.
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