Gbadolite ni umwe mu Mijyi yari igezweho kandi ikomeye ku ngoma ya Mobutu Sese Seko Koko Ngbendu wa za Banga, wayoboye Zaïre kuri ubu izwi nka Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo cyane ko ari naho yakomokaga.
Uyu Mujyi ni wo Murwa Mukuru w’Intara ya Nord-Ubangi. Uherereye mu bilometero 1150 mu majyaruguru ashyira uburasirazuba bwa Kinshasa ndetse uhana imbibi na Centrafrique kuko bitandukanywa n’umugezi wa Ubangi.
Usuye Gbadolite y’uyu munsi byakugora kwemera ko ari wo Mujyi wakiriye abantu b’ibikomerezwa nka Papa Yohani Paul II; Valéry Giscard d’Estaing wabaye Perezida w’u Bufaransa; Boutros Boutros Ghali wabaye Umunyamabanga Mukuru wa Loni n’umuherwe David Rockefeller.
Abo bose babaga bagenzwa no gusura inshuti yabo magara, Mobutu cyane ko yari ahafite inzu eshatu z’akataraboneka yakundaga kuruhukiramo mu mpera z’icyumweru avuye mu kazi i Kinshasa.
Mbere y’uko Mobutu ajya ku butegetsi, Gbadolite yari icyaro kitagira amazi, amashanyarazi, imihanda, amashuri n’ibindi. Muri make ni ha handi Abanyarwanda bita mu ‘kitumvingoma’.
Aka gace kari gatuwe n’abaturage 1500 bibera mu tuzu tw’ibyondo ndetse Abanye-Congo benshi ntibari bayizi.
Amakuru ducyesha ikinyamakuru IGIHE yatanzwe n’umwe mu bantu babaye muri Zaïre ya Mobutu, avuga ko iki cyaro cyaje guhinduka umujyi ukomeye nyuma y’uko uyu mugabo afashe ubutegetsi. Ibi ngo yabitewe n’uko ari ho yavukaga.
Ati: “Gbadolite ni Umujyi wavutse ku bushake bwa Mobutu, ni iwabo niho yavukiye rero ahitamo kuhashyira umujyi, yubaka inzu y’akataraboneka, hanyuma ahashyira hoteli nk’ebyiri cyangwa eshatu, uruganda rw’inzoga rutigeze rukora, ikibuga cy’indege n’imihanda”.
Uyu mutangamakuru yakomeje avuga ko Mobutu yasabye n’abantu bari bakomeye muri iki gihugu gushora amafaranga i Gbadolite.
Ati: “Yasabye abantu bari bakomeye mu gihugu muri kiriya gihe, buri muntu amutegeka kubaka inzu i Gbadolite, kugira ngo hagendwe hase n’umujyi akajya ajyayo, inama z’abaminisitiri akaba ariho zibera, abashyitsi bakomeye barimo n’abaperezida akaba ariho bamusanga kugira ngo umujyi ubeho”.
Kuva mu 1965, ubwo Mobutu yajyaga ku butegetsi yashyize imbaraga mu kubaka Gbadolite hatangira gushyirwa amavuriro, ikibuga cy’indege n’ibiro by’inzego za leta.
Kimwe mu bikorwaremezo byamenyekanye cyane, ni inzu y’akataraboneka Mobutu yari afite mu gace ka Kawele, yari yarahawe akabyiniriro ka ‘Versailles of the Jungle’.
Iri zina ryakomotse ku Mujyi wo mu Bufaransa wa ‘Versailles’ watuwemo n’abakomeye barimo Louis XIV. ‘Jungle’ ryo ryaturutse ku kuba iyi nzu yari mu ishyamba.
Iyi nzu yari yubatswe mu buryo bwa ‘villa’ ifite piscine ebyiri, irimo ibikoresho byo mu nzu bigizwe na zahabu bizwi nka ‘ersatz Louis XIV furniture’ ndetse n’ibikoresho bikozwe mu mbaho z’agaciro byaturutse i Carrara mu Butaliyani.
Ibikorwa byo kubaka iyi nzu byayobowe n’umuhanga w’Umufaransa mu by’ubwubatsi, Olivier Clement Cacoub afatanyije n’Umunya-Sénégal, Pierre Goudiaby Atépa. Amakuru avuga ko kubaka iyi nzu byatwaye miliyoni 400$.
Abagendereye Mobutu mu gihe yari atuye aha bavuze ko kuhicirwa n’inzara cyangwa inyota cyari ikizira kuko habaga hari Champagne zavuye mu Bufaransa n’amafunguro yateguwe n’abatetsi b’abahanga biganjemo Abanyaburayi, gusa ngo Mobutu we yikundiraga amafunguro gakondo arimo amafi, impala n’ubugari.
Mu kiganiro Albert Moleka yagiranye na The Guardian yavuze ko urwibutso afite muri aka gace ari urujyanye n’uburyo mu 1985 Mobutu yigeze gutumiza ‘cake’ mu Bufaransa ikaza iherekejwe n’Umufaransa wari wayikoze, Gaston Lenôtre. Icyo gihe Mobutu yatanze indege ye ya Concorde ngo imuzane.
Mu gihe Mobutu yabaga yakoresheje ibirori, yatumizaga na Paul Bocuse wari warubatse izina i Burayi nk’umutetsi w’umuhanga.
Akenshi ngo iyo Mobutu yabaga ari mu kiruhuko wasangaga yibereye muri piscine izengurutswe n’imizindaro irangurura umuziki wo mu bwoko bwa ‘classic’ yakundaga bihebuje.
Muri aka gace, Mobutu yari yarahashyize urugomero rw’amashanyarazi, hoteli y’inyenyeri eshanu ubu yahinduwe akabari, ikibuga cy’indege cyagwagaho indege ye n’uruganda rwa Coca-Cola rutigeze rukora n’umunsi n’umuwe.
Kuri ubu kandi muri aka gace hari inyubako nini yari igenewe gukorerwamo na Minisiteri y’amazi ariko ubu yahinduwe ishuri.
Niho umurambo wa Habyarimana wahishwe
Mobutu ni umwe mu bantu bari inshuti magara ya Juvénal Habyarimana wabaye Perezida w’u Rwanda. Nyuma y’ihanurwa ry’indege ye tariki 6 Mata 1994, umurambo wa Habyarimana wahungishirijwe muri Zaïre, Mobutu abanza kuwubika mu nzu ye i Gbadolite.
Nyuma yo kubona ko asumbirijwe n’ingabo za Laurent Desiré Kabila, Mobutu yafashe icyemezo cy’uko umurambo wa Habyarimana ugomba gutwikwa. Ibi yabikoze mu kwanga ko wagwa mu maboko y’aba basirikare.
Mobutu kandi yari yarasezeranyije umuryango wa Habyarimana ko umurambo we uzashyingurwa neza kandi bigakorwa mu cyubahiro.
Nyuma yo kubona ko aba basirikare basatira Gbadolite, Mobutu yafashe icyemezo cy’uko umurambo wa Habyarimana wimurirwa i Kinshasa ahagombaga kubera imihango yo kumusezeraho.
Mu gihe hari hategerejwe ko hafatwa icyemezo cy’uburyo umurambo wa Habyarimana ukwiriye gushyingurwa, wamaze iminsi itatu ubitse ahashyirwa imizigo ku Kibuga Mpuzamahanga cy’Indege cya Kinshasa.
Nyuma byaje kwanzurwa ko ugombwa gutwikwa. Kuko atari ibintu byari bimenyerewe muri iki gihugu, ubutegetsi bwa Mobutu bwifashishije Abahinde babaga muri iki gihugu.
Ku wa 16 Gicurasi 1997 nibwo umurambo wa Habyarimana watwitswe ku busabe bwa Mobutu. Muri uku kwezi ni nabwo Mobutu yafashe indege imukura i Kinshasa imujyana i Gbadolite, aho yavuye ahungira muri Maroc.
Akimara gushingura ikirenge i Gbadolite, abasirikare bigabije za nzu ze basahura ibikoresho by’agaciro byose byari birimo kugeza zihindutse amatongo burundu.
IGIHE
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