Menya ibimaze gushyirwaho umucyo n’ibigiteye urujijo ku rupfu rwa Habyarimana Juvenal

Ku wa 6 Mata 1994 Saa mbiri na 30, nibwo inkuru yatangiye kumenyekana ko indege ya Habyarimana Juvenal yahanuwe. Abari muri Kigali batangiye kumva inkuru zicicikana, bamwe bavuga ko mu kirere harimo indege ebyiri, imwe igasubira inyuma ibonye iyo byari kumwe itewe igisasu ku ibaba igahanuka.

Valerie Bemeriki ni umwe mu bamenye inkuru bwa mbere ijyanye n’ihanurwa ry’indege ya Habyarimana kuko yari kuri Radio RTLM aho yakoraga. Icyo gihe yari asohotse muri Studio amaze kuvuga amakuru, umuntu amubwira ko hari inkuru ishyushye ibonetse.

Me Mbonampeka Stanislas ni we muntu wa mbere wahamagaye kuri RTLM avuga ko hari ikintu abonye mu kirere cya Kanombe, ati: “Ndikubona mu kirere hari indege iri gushya ariko ntabwo namenye ikintu cyayitwitse, ati ‘mpamagawe n’abazamu banjye bambwiye ko babonye ikintu gitukura cyaturutse ku butaka kirayikubita, gikubita ku ibaba”.

Bemeriki ngo yahamagaye umuntu wakoraga ku Kibuga cy’Indege mu bashinzwe ubugenzuzi ntihagira umwitaba, ahamagara mu buyobozi bukuru bw’Ingabo, bamubwira ko nabo iyo nkuru bayumvise.

Umwe mu bari abarinzi ba Habyarimana bavuganye kuri telefoni, “Akubita ikivugirizo afata telefoni ati ‘mada nta mwanya mfite aka kanya ndagiye”, nk’uko Bemeriki abisobanura.

Uyu mugore uri mu bahamwe n’ibyaha bya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ufungiye muri Gereza ya Mageragere, yabwiye ikinyamakuru IGIHE ko saa sita z’ijoro hahise hakazwa umugambi wo kwica Abatutsi.

Ati: “Inama yabereye muri Camp GP, yari ihuje abayobozi b’amashyaka MRND, CDR n’amashyaka ya Power harimo n’abasirikare bakuru barimo aba GP na Etat Major ko bafashe icyemezo cy’uko bagomba kwica Abatutsi”.

Abayobozi b’Interahamwe aho bari hose bahise bamenyeshwa uwo mugambi, batangira akazi nk’uko byari bimaze igihe byigishwa mu mpande zitandukanye z’igihugu.

Ni indege yaguyemo abantu 11 bari bavanye na Habyarimana Juvénal muri Tanzania, barimo na Perezida w’u Burundi, Cyprien Ntaryamira.

Inkuru nyinshi zivuga ko icyo gihe indege ya Ntaryamira yasigaye i Dar es Salaam nubwo Bemeriki we asobanura ko zaje zombi.

Ati: “Hari uwitwaga Munyemana wahoze akora muri Perezidansi y’u Rwanda ni we wahise atubwira ko izo ndege zaje zikurikiranye, noneho ngo ako kadege kabonye bayirashe kaguma kazenguruka mu kirere”.

“Noneho ako kadege kari inyuma ngo kamaze kubona ko indege irashwe ko kahise kajya kugwa i Burundi”.

Ni inde wahanuye iyi ndege?

Uwarashe iyi ndege n’ubu ntazwi, nubwo raporo zitandukanye zashimangiye ko yarashwe n’intagondwa z’Abahutu zitari zicyiyumvamo Habyarimana, mu gihe abarwanyaga FPR Inkotanyi bashyigikiwe n’u Bufaransa bo bakwije imvugo y’uko yaraswe n’Ingabo za APR.

Raporo zitandukanye yaba iyitiriwe Mucyo, Muse na Duclert zagarutse kuri iyi ngingo zihuriza ku kuba iyi ndege yarahanuwe n’abantu bo ku ruhande rwa Habyarimana batamwiyumvagamo.

Col Laurent Serubuga ni umwe mu bashyirwa mu majwi ko ari we watanze itegeko cyangwa agahanura iyo ndege. Uyu mugabo yari Umugaba Mukuru w’Ingabo Wungirije.

Tariki 17 Mutarama 1992 yandikiye Minisitiri w’Ingabo amumenyesha akaga bahuriye na ko mu Ruhengeri na Rusumo, ubwo bajyaga guhanura indege imbunda bafite zikabatenguha.

Ati: “Inshuro ebyiri zose nyakubahwa Minisitiri, amatsinda abiri yagiye mu butumwa mu Ruhengeri na Rusumo, guhanura indege zivogera ikirere cyacu ariko byarabananiye kuko indege zabaga ziri kugurukira hejuru cyane harenze ubushobozi bw’ibikoresho bya batayo”.

Yasabye izindi ntwaro zifite ubushobozi buhambaye ziri ku rwego rumwe n’iz’u Bufaransa.

Intwaro Serubuga yavuze ko zikenewe kandi ziberanye n’u Rwanda, ni izo mu bwoko bwa SAM 16 zikorerwa mu Burusiya. Ni zo byagaragaye ko zakoreshejwe ubwo indege ya Habyarimana yahanurwaga mu 1994.

Marc Hoogsteyns ni umunyamakuru wari mu Rwanda mbere na nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Yigeze gufata umwanya aganira n’abantu b’impande n’impande yaba abashinja FPR Inkotanyi ko ari yo yagize uruhare mu ihanurwa ry’iyo ndege n’ababizi ukundi.

Icyo gihe yari yarahawe inkunga nk’umunyamakuru ukora inkuru zicukumbuye, ashaka kwinjira mu mizi kuri iyo dosiye.

Ati: “Icyo gihe navuganaga n’abantu bari muri opozisiyo barambwiraga ngo birashoboka ko wahura na Karegeya na Kayumba. Hari mu gihe abantu bavugaga ku kibazo cy’uwarashe indege ya Habyarimana”.

Marc yavuganye n’abantu benshi icyo gihe, ajya i Kampala ahura n’abemera ko aribo bagize uruhare mu guhanura iyo ndege.

Ati: “Bampaye amakuru menshi, navuganye na Filip Reyntjens n’abandi bantu, navuganye na Karegeya na we avuga ko ari FPR [ko ari Kagame watanze itegeko] hanyuma nza hano [mu Rwanda], ntangira kuganira n’abandi bantu”.

“Nanavuganye n’abandi ba ofisiye badakunda Kagame na RDF bavuye mu Rwanda ariko badakorana na Kayumba na Karegeya bafite imyumvire yabo”.

“Hafi ya bose bazi neza ibyabaye, barambwiye ngo si byo [si FPR]. Kandi babivuga bashize amanga ariko ntibashaka kubyinjiramo cyane. Naje gufata umwanzuro, kuko bansobanuriye ibintu bazi neza. Kuko byavuzwe ko ari i Masaka yarasiwe, ariko naje kubona ko ari i Kanombe, ni byo nabonye”.

Uyu munyamakuru wakurikiranye inkuru z’intambara mu bice bitandukanye by’Isi uhereye muri Cambodia, Chile, Iraq, Afghanistan n’ahandi.

Asobanura ko impamvu zituma iyi ndege ishobora kuba yarahanuwe n’Intagondwa z’Abahutu, ari ibyo yiboneye iminsi itatu mbere yayo.

Ati: “Iminsi itatu mbere ya Jenoside, twavuganye na Bagosora, atubwira ko ikizabaho cyose nta muntu uzabyitaho kuko nta wari witaye ku gahugu gato nk’u Rwanda. Yari abizi ko hari ikintu kiri gutegurwa”.

Urujijo ku irengero ry’agasanduku k’umukara

Iyo usomye inyandiko zose zivuga kuri aka gasanduku, kimwe mu bintu ubona ni ukubusanya imvugo ku ruhande rw’u Bufaransa.

Bwa mbere, havuzwe ko iyi ndege itari ifite aka gasanduku, ubundi ko yari ifite tubiri, ko nta musirikare w’u Bufaransa wahageze ikimara kugwa, ko bahageze bakagatwara, ko bahageze ntibagatware n’ibindi nk’ibyo.

Ku ikubitiro, Grégoire de Saint-Quentin wari ukuriye batayo y’Aba Para-Commando b’Abafaransa bari mu Rwanda, ni we mufaransa wageze mu rugo rwa Habyarimana aho indege ye yaguye.

Inyandiko yakozwe na Jacques Morel mu 2017 y’ubucukumbuzi ku ihanurwa ry’iyi ndege, ivuga ko Grégoire de Saint-Quentin yahageze hashize amasaha 22.

Ku rundi ruhande, hari inyandiko zo muri Minisiteri y’Ingabo mu Bufaransa zerekana ko Grégoire yahageze mu minota 15 ari kumwe na ba Su-ofisiye babiri ndetse we ubwe akahaguma ijoro ryose bari gutwara imirambo, baza kugaruka mu gitondo ahagana saa mbili.

Hari ifoto ifitwe n’ubutabera bw’u Bubiligi igaragaza Saint-Quentin ari imbere ya moteri y’iyi ndege.

Mu ijoro ryo ku wa 6 Mata rishyira ku wa 7 Mata, Saint-Quentin yabwiye umuganga w’Umubiligi witwa Massimo Pasuch ko baza gutegereza bukeye kugira ngo batware aka gasanduku.

Hari abatangabuhamya benshi bemeje ko aka gasanduku katwawe n’abasirikare b’u Bufaransa.

Abarinzi b’urugo rwa Habyarimana bahamije ko indege ikimara kugwa, Abasirikare b’u Bufaransa bihutiye kujya gutwara aka gasanduku.

Sergent Major Barananiwe Jean-Marie Vianney wari ukuriye abarinzi b’urugo rwa Habyarimana ku mugoroba wo ku wa 6 Mata 1994, yagize ati “Abafaransa baje gushaka boîte noire tariki 7 cyangwa 8 Mata 1994, ntabwo nibuka neza umunsi cyangwa se niba barayibonye”.

Grégoire Zigirumugabe wari mu barinzi ba Perezida Habyarimana we yavuze ko Abafaransa “babonye icyo gikoresho cyitwa Boîte noire ku itariki 7 Mata”.

Aloys Tegera wari umurinzi wa Habyarimana, Jean Baptiste Nzayisenga na Léonard Ntibategera bari aba-para-commando, nabo bemeje ko babonye Abafaransa bashaka boîte noire, banashwanyaguza ibice by’indege.

Léonard Ntibategera we yavuze ko Abafaransa batwaye aka gasanduku.

Agathe Habyarimana, umugore wa Juvénal Habyarimana n’abana be, mu kiganiro bagiranye n’abanyamakuru ku wa 21 Mata 1994 bari i Paris, bahamije ko boîte noire yatwawe n’abasirikare b’Abafaransa.

Colonel Bernard Cussac wari ushinzwe ibikorwa bya gisirikare muri Ambasade y’u Bufaransa mu Rwanda, nawe yahamije ko babonye agasanduku k’umukara k’iyi ndege.

(Rtd) Gen Major Paul Rwarakabije wari lieutenant-colonel mu Ngabo za FAR mu 1994, na we yahamije ko aka gasanduku katwawe na Grégoire de Saint Quentin, ndetse ko n’ibindi bikoresho by’iyi ndege byari bikenewe byatwawe na Lieutenant-Colonel Rwabalinda akabijyana i Paris, akabishyikiriza Gen Huchon wari ushinzwe imikoranire mu bya gisirikare.

Muri raporo y’umucamanza Jean-Louis Bruguière yemeza ko Ephrem Rwabalinda na Jean-Pierre Huchon bahuye.

Ibaruwa yo ku wa 15 Mata 1994 yanditswe na Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’u Rwanda muri Guverinoma y’Abatabazi igenewe Abadipolomate b’u Rwanda, ihamya ko ako gasanduku kabonetse, kagatwarwa n’Abafaransa.

Agace gato k’iyo baruwa kavuga ko ibizava mu igenzura ry’ako gasanduku “bizakorwaho iperereza” ariko ko byaba ari amahano “gufata umwanzuro ntakuka ku wahanuye indege yahitanye ubuzima bwa Perezida Habyarimana”.

Ku wa 27 Kamena 1994, Minisitiri w’u Bufaransa ushinzwe gutwara abantu n’ibintu, Bernard Bosson, yabwiye Minisitiri w’Intebe wungirije w’u Bubiligi, Di Rupo, ko “abayobozi b’u Bufaransa bafite boîte noire y’indege ya Perezida w’u Rwanda yahanuwe” ndetse ko bayibitse mu bubiko bw’Ikigo Mpuzamahanga gishinzwe iby’Indege, ICAO.

Ku wa 28 Kamena 1994, Paul Barril wahoze mu Ngabo z’u Bufaransa yeretse abanyamakuru igikoresho byitwa ko ari boîte noire yari yagiye gushaka i Kigali. Icyo yerekenya ni agakoresho k’ikoranabuhanga, gacomekwaho iminara.

Muri Werurwe 2004, Le Monde yatangaje ko Loni ariyo yahishe aka gasanduku i New York. Ni mu gihe ingabo zayo, MINUAR, zitigeze zohereza ikintu na kimwe muri Amerika gifitanye isano n’iyo ndege.

Muri make, birasa n’aho kuva mu 1994, hari icengezamatwara rikomeye ryakozwe n’u Bufaransa mu itangazamakuru mu kuyobya uburari ku irengero ry’aka gasanduku.

Ikiri ukuri ni uko Falcon 50 yari ifite boîte noire, aho yaguye nta basirikare ba MINUAR bigeze bemererwa kuhagera, byanatumye ako kanya nta perereza mpuzamahanga ritangira. Abari bemerewe kugera aho iyi ndege yaguye nibo bazi aho agasanduku kayo kari.

Abo ni Abarinzi ba Habyarimana, abagize bataillon y’Aba-Para-Commando n’abasirikare b’u Bufaransa.

Gusa bitewe n’ijambo u Bufaransa bwari bufite mu Rwanda, amahirwe menshi ni uko aribwo bwayitwaye, muri make Barril wari inkoramutima ya Habyarimana n’umuryango we azi ukuri.

IGIHE

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