Mu mateka y’ibihangange byabayeho mu Rwanda harimo abagiye bagira imyitwarire ifite amateka yihariye n’imvugo zikakaye zifite byinshi zihatse mu mibereho yabo ndetse no mu mateka y’igihugu.
Ubimburiye abandi tugiye gutekererezwa imyifatire yamuranze n’imvugo ze, ni Rukara rwa Bishingwe.
Icyivugo cye ari na cyo cyari gikubiyemo ibigwi n’ibirindiro bye cyari “Rukara rw’igikundiro, urwa Semukanya Intahanabatatu”.
Rukara ni mwene Bishingwe na Nyirakavumbi wari ufite igisingizo kigira kiti “Nyirakavumbi nyina w’Amavubi”.
Yavukiye mu Gahunga k’Abarashi (Ubu ni mu Murenge wa Gahunga wo mu Karere ka Burera), umusozi bitiriye umuryango akomokamo w’Abacyaba b’Abarashi.
Ni umugabo w’igitangarirwa mu mateka y’u Rwanda, bwa mbere wahangaye umuzungu akamusumira akamwica.
Rukara rwa Bishingwe ngo yari umugabo w’igihagararo, ibigango n’igitinyiro nk’uko bamwe mu banditsi b’amateka y’u Rwanda bamubonye babyanditse.
Amateka agaragaza ko yari afite nka metero imwe na santimetero 90 mu gihagararo, igihagararo n’ibigango bikaba ari umwihariko w’abarashi kuko mu miryango yose yo kwa Rukara nta muntu wigeze ajya munsi ya metero na santimetero 70 z’uburebure.
Rukara yari azwiho ubuhanga ku rugamba nk’umukogoto w’umuheto. Yatwaraga imitwe y’ingabo igera kuri ine ari yo: Urukandagira, Abemeranzige, Uruyenzi n’Abakemba, ku ngoma y’umwami Yuhi V Musinga watwaye u Rwanda kuva mu wa 1897-1931.
Yatabarutse muri Mata 1910, apfa anyonzwe n’Abadage bakoronizaga u Rwanda icyo gihe, bamuryoza umuzungu w’Umupadiri Pawulini Lupiasi yari amaze kwica ku wa 01 Mata 1910.
Benshi bamufata nk’intwari byahebuje kubera ko yagaragaje kurwanya agasuzuguro k’abakoloni bari batangiye gutera imirwi ubutaka bwa gakondo yabo kandi batabanje kubijyaho inama.
Nubwo hashize imyaka igera ku ijana na cumi n’ibiri Rukara rwa Bishingwe atabarutse (1910-2022), abacukumbuzi b’amateka hari byinshi bakimwibukiraho, yaba ibikorwa bidasanzwe byamuranze ndetse n’imvugo zikakaye yagiye avuga mu bihe bitandukanye.
Tukaba tugiye gusesengura zimwe mu mvugo zakurikiye n’ibikorwa bidasaznwe yakoze mu bihe bitandukanye.
“Aho kuba umugaragu w’umugore namwinjira”
Nk’uko amateka y’imiterere y’ubuyobozi bw’u Rwanda abidutekerereza, kuva ku ngoma y’umwami Mutara Nsoro Semugeshi yashyizeho imiterere yihariye y’abagaragu b’ibugabekazi, abatandukanya n’ab’ibwami nk’uko byari bimeze ku bami bamubanjirije.
Abagaragu b’ibugabekazi bahabwa izina ryihariye ari ryo “Amadebe”, bakagira umutware wabo ubakuriye witwaga “Intebe y’Amadebe”.
Uko ingoma zagiye zakuranwa, buri wese uruharo rwe arwigiza imbere, ni na ko iryo zina ry’abagaragu b’ibugabekazi bagiye barihererekanya kugeza ku ndunduro y’ingoma ya cyami mu Rwanda.
Nuko igihe kimwe ibwami bashatse gutoranya mu ngabo uzaba Intebe y’Amadebe yo k’Umugabekzi Kanjogera nyina wa Yuhi V Musinga, bazenguruka mu ngabo zose no mu bagaba bazo, baza kugera kuri Rukara rwa Bishingwe watwaraga imitwe y’ingabo igera kuri ine yari ikomeye mu bihe by’ingoma y’umwami Yuhi V Musinga.
Aha bikaba bigaragara ko ari we wagombaga kuba akurikira umugabekazi Kanjogera mu cyubahiro cy’Amadebe y’ibugabekazi.
Rukara ngo bamugezeho, ararahira, avuga mu ijwi rikakakaye abihakana, agira ati: “Aho kugira ngo mbe umugaragu w’umugore, namwinjira”.
Kwinjira ni ukujya kubana n’umugore wapfakaye ariko ukamutungira mu rugo rwe. Nubwo atabivuze mu buryo bweruye, yashakaga kugaragaza ko adashobora kuba umugaragu wa Kanjogera, ahubwo yahitamo kuba umugabo we.
Kanjogera yari umugore wa Kigeli Rwabugili watanze ku wa 15 Nzeri 1895, atangira inzira y’ubupfakazi atyo.
Nubwo Rukara rwa Bishingwe yavuze iryo jambo rikakakaye ryo kubahuka umugabekazi Kanjogera ariko n’iyo abigerageza ntibyari gushoboka kuko iteka ryaciwe n’umwami Cyilima Rugwe watwaye u Rwanda ahagana mu wa 1345-1378, yaciye iteka ko nta mugabekazi uzongera gushaka umugabo mu gihe apfakaye akiri muto.
Iyo mvugo yateruwe na Rukara rwa Bishingwe, ntiyagaragaye nk’agasuzuguro yasuzuguye ibugabekazi bamushakaga muri uwo mwanya ahubwo yafashwe nko kwisumbukuruza guhanitse, aho kugira ngo ahanirwe kuba yarasuzuguye ibwami n’ibugabekazi akanga kuba Intebe y’amadebe, imvugo ye yabaye ibisetso, benshi bayifata nk’amagambo yo gutebya, batinda muri ibyo ntibirirwa banakurikirana impamvu yo guhakana kwe.
Nubwo bitakomeje guhabwa uburemere ntibyabujije gukurura amakimbirane no gusuzugurana hagati y’umugabekazi Kanjogera na Rukara rwa Bishingwe.
Byageze n’aho Kanjogera atekereza gutanga Rukara rwa Bishingwe ngo aryozwe iryo jambo ry’agasuzuguro yavuze akananga kubahiriza inshingano bari bamuhaye ariko azitirwa no ku ba yari umutware w’imitwe y’ingabo ikomeye yari yiganjemo abakogoto b’umuheto bakomoka mu muryango we.
Kanjogera bimuyobeye aricecekera abifata nk’ibitarabayeho, ahubwo akajya yifatanya n’abandi bakuru b’igihugu, gutaramira kuri iryo jambo rya Rukara rwa Bishingwe.
Byakomeje, buri wese abitwara iyo bigoramiye, abagaragu b’ibwami, amadebe, abagaba b’imitwe y’ingabo n’izindi ngabo z’igihugu babihindura igitaramo.
Aho bateraniye bataramye, bakaza no kugera kuri iyo ngingo, bakagira bati: “Na Rukara rwa Bishingwe yarabivuze ngo ‘Aho kuba umugaragu w’umugore yamwinjira’”.
Iryo jambo ryateruwe na Rukara rwa Bishingwe yanga kuba Intebe y’Amadebe yo kwa Kanjogera, ryinjira rityo mu bitaramo by’amateka y’u Rwanda, kugeza na bugingo n’ubu.
Rukara rwa Bishingwe yigeze kunyara ku ntebe y’umugabekazi Kanjogera ayihagurutseho.
Mu buzima bwe Rukara rwa Bishingwe yakunze guhinyura abantu bakomeye ariko ngo byagera ku mugabekazi Nyirayuhi Kanjogera wategekeraga umuhungu we Musinga wari akiri umwana muto muri icyo gihe bikaba akarusho.
Umunsi umwe Rukara yasanze uyu mugabekazi wakundaga guca imanza yikinze inyuma y’inyegamo, maze ngo aramuhinyura avuga ko urubanza rwo mu nyegamo na nyina Nyirakavumbi yaruca.
Usibye ni byo ngo hari n’igihe yamunyariye ku ntebe undi ayihagurutseho. Abasesengura iby’amateka ya Rukara rwa Bishingwe, badutekerereza ko icyo yapfaga na Kanjogera cyari gishingiye ku kuba yari agiye kumutanga ngo aryozwe kuba yaranze kuba umutware w’Amadebe y’ibwami.
Ariko kandi, banapfaga ko yemeza ko Kanjogera atari uwo kubahwa kuko yibye ingoma ya Rutalindwa ubwo yari yugarijwe n’abamurwanya agahitamo kwitwikira mu nzu, maze ingoma akayiha umuhungu we Musinga.
Rukara rwa Bishingwe yabeyuye impuzu yari akenyeye ahenera Ndungutse
Rukara yahisemo kuva ishyanga akagana Ndungutse yishyingikirije ko se na sekuru bahatswe n’umwami. Rukara yasabye Ndungutse kumurinda abazungu kuko yanganye na bo.
Ndungutse yasubije Rukara ati: “Narabimenye ga Rukara humura ndabakurinda”.
Bukeye Ndungutse yohererejwe urwandiko n’abazungu bamusaba kuzabafatira Rukara. Nubwo Nyirinkwaya yaburiye Rukara ko yaguzwe agiye kwicwa, Rukara yamusubije ko atagiye kugwa mu gihuru, ko yemeye kwicwa agahorwa umuzungu yahotoye.
Ubwo Ndungutse yatumyeho Rukara ngo babuguze, bakibuguza Rukara yubuye amaso abona mu ntanzi z’urugo uwitwa Pawulo arahingutse.
Rukara ati: “Yampayinka Bishingwe, ese Ndungutse nawe koko? Ng’ibiriya ibyo nanganye na byo biraje”.
Ndungutse ni ko kumusubiza ati: “Humura ndabikurinda”. Rukara ati: “Ntabwo ukibindinze ahubwo wantanze mba ndoga umwami!”
Uwo Pawulo yaje bwangu agize ngo arasuhuza Rukara muri ya ndamukanyo ngo ‘Yambu’ maze Rukara ati: “Yambu nayanganiye na shobuja”.
Igitero simusiga cyari kizanye na Pawulo cyataye Rukara muri yombi ariko asiga avumye Ndungutse ati: “Ntukime i Rwanda ndi Umucyaba, ndagiye Urw’igikundiro rwa Semukanya, ngiye kwishyura icyo nakoze ariko wowe uzishyura icyo utakoze. Rukara yiyambura impuzu ahenera Ndungutse amuvuma”.
Kugeza ubwo aya mateka yandikwaga, mu Rwanda haracyari imiryango myinshi ifite igisekuruza ikura kuri Rukara rwa Bishingwe, kandi benshi bamwibuka nk’intwari yahangaye gucogoza abakoloni b’abazungu, baserukanye agasuzuguro kanuka mu bukonde bwa Gihanga.
Src: IGIHE
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