U Rwanda n’u Bwongereza byashyize umukono ku masezerano agena ko mu gihe cy’imyaka itanu, abimukira n’impunzi binjira mu Bwongereza mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, bazajya boherezwa mu Rwanda aho bazaba bafite amahitamo abiri gusa; kuba mu gihugu cyangwa se gusubira aho bakomoka.
Muri iyi nkuru, tugiye kugaruka ku ngingo zagufasha gusobanukirwa ibijyanye n’aya masezerano.
U Bwongereza bubisobanura bute?
Minisitiri w’Intebe w’u Bwongereza, Boris Johnson, yatangaje ko guhera kuri uyu wa 14 Mata 2022, igihugu cye cyatangije gahunda yo kwita ku bimukira n’ubufatanye mu by’ubukungu, bureba umuntu wese winjiye mu Bwongereza mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko cyangwa se abandi bamazeyo amezi atatu.
Ati: “Uwo ariwe wese winjiye mu Bwongereza mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko kimwe n’abinjiye muri ubwo buryo kuva tariki ya Mbere Mutarama, ubu bagiye kwimurirwa mu Rwanda. Bizatuma banyura mu nzira zemewe kandi bice intege ubucuruzi bwakorerwaga abimukira”.
Muri abo bimukira, abazaba bakeneye ubufasha bwihariye burimo n’ubw’amategeko bazabuhabwa bakigera ku butaka bw’u Rwanda.
Ati: “Bazahabwa amahirwe yo kubaka ubuzima bushya muri kiriya gihugu gitera imbere, bafashijwe n’inkunga tuzatanga”.
Ntabwo umubare w’abo u Rwanda ruzakira watangajwe, gusa Boris yavuze ko bari mu bihumbi mu myaka iri imbere.
Yashimangiye ko kubohereza mu Rwanda ari amahitamo mazima, kuko ari kimwe “mu bihugu bitekanye ku Isi” kandi bimaze igihe bishimwa ku ruhando mpuzamahanga kubera uburyo byakiramo impunzi”.
Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’amahanga w’u Rwanda, Dr Vincent Biruta yavuze ko nk’igihugu kizi ububi bw’ubuhunzi, kitashoboraga kurebera abantu bapfa cyangwa babaho nabi kubera ba rusahurira mu nduru babifitemo inyungu.
Ati: “Hari uburyo bumwe twashoboraga kubirebera tukabona abantu bapfa abandi bari mu bigo biri aho bakamaramo imyaka ariko dutekereza ko niba n’amategeko mpuzamahanga ariho, hari n’ibindi bitandukanye bigenga uko abimukira bagomba gufatwa ariko ntabwo bikora. Uyu munsi twiyemeje gukorana n’u Bwongereza kugira ngo turebe niba hari uburyo twakemura iki kibazo”.
Kuva mu 2001, u Bwongereza bumaze kwakira abimukira bagera ku bihumbi 80 baturutse mu bihugu bitandukanye bya Afurika, ndetse guhera mu 2010, bwatuje 6500.
Ni bande bazakirwa?
Ni abimukira n’impunzi binjiye mu Bwongereza mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko. Hazarebwa niba nta byaha bitandukanye bakoze, gusa u Rwanda rwifuje ko rutakwakira abaturutse mu bihugu by’ibituranyi nk’u Burundi, Uganda, DRC na Tanzania.
Ntabwo impunzi zo muri Ukraine ziri muri izo zizakirwa muri iyi gahunda ahubwo abarebwa cyane ni abinjira mu Bwongereza banyuze nko mu bwato, bacurujwe n’abandi nkabo.
Ni amafaranga angahe azatangwa muri iyi gahunda?
U Bwongereza busobanura ko buzatanga inkunga yo kwifashisha mu bikorwa by’iterambere bigirira akamaro izo mpunzi n’abaturwanda basanzwe muri rusange.
Ku ikubitiro, bwavuze ko bugomba guha u Rwanda miliyoni 120£ azagirira akamaro izo mpunzi n’Abanyarwanda binyuze mu bikorwa by’uburezi mu mashuri yisumbuye, ay’imyunga ndetse n’andi mahugurwa y’amasomo y’ubumenyingiro. Ibyo byiyongeraho ko bazafashwa kwiga kugera mu mashuri makuru na kaminuza.
Ntabwo muri ubu bufatanye ikintu gishyizwe imbere ari amafaranga ahubwo ni ibikorwa by’ubumuntu by’ubufasha. Impande zombi zisobanura ko abantu atari ibicuruzwa ku buryo hakwitabwa ku mafaranga azabagendaho kuruta ubuzima bwabo.
Bazaba he?
Mu bihugu byinshi, abimukira n’impunzi bashyirirwaho ahantu habo hihariye baba, bameze nk’abari muri gereza mu gihe bategereje kubona ibyangombwa bibemerera kuba mu gihugu.
Ahenshi byagiye bigaragara ko ubuzima baba babamo buba burutwa n’ubwo muri gereza kuko bahura n’ibibazo by’iburyo n’ibumoso. U Rwanda rwo si ibyo rushaka kuko rudashaka gukemura ikibazo, mu buryo butuma ubuzima bw’abo bantu bujya mu kangaratete.
Nibagera mu gihugu bazaruhukira muri hotel nyuma bajye mu macumbi asanzwe aturwamo n’abantu mu buryo busanzwe.
Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga, Dr Vincent Biruta, yasobanuye ko u Rwanda ruteganya gushora imari mu bikorwa remezo mu gihe kiri imbere kugira ngo amacumbi aboneke.
Dr Vincent Biruta yagize ati: “Ubwo twaganiraga kuri ubu bufatanye, twagenzuye ubushobozi bwacu bwo kwakira abimukira kandi turabizi ko dufite ubwo bushobozi ariko turateganya no gushora imari mu bikorwa nk’ibyo mu gihe kiri imbere”.
“Turateganya no gushora mu burezi, mu nzu z’abimukira cyo kimwe n’iz’abantu bacu basanzwe. Turiteguye kandi tuzakomeza gukora ishoramari dufashijwe n’u Bwongereza”.
Abanyarwanda bakwiriye kugira impungenge?
Abanyarwanda basanzwe bafite ubunararibonye bwo kubana n’impunzi kuko abenshi banabaye zo mu bihe byashize. Bivuze neza ko bumva uburemere bw’ibibazo by’impunzi kurusha ibindi bihugu byo hirya no hino ku Isi.
Iteka iyo amasezerano nk’aya asinywe, abantu bagira impungenge ko abo bimukira n’impunzi bagiye kubambura imirimo n’andi mahirwe atandukanye.
Umuntu wabireba muri ubwo buryo yaba yirengagije ukuri cyane ko hari n’abimukira cyangwa se impunzi ziri mu Rwanda zagize uruhare mu iterambere ry’igihugu.
Urugero rworoshye rwa hafi, ni uko nk’imwe muri supermarket ikomeye mu gihugu yashinzwe n’umwimukira. Bivuze ko iteka bene abo bantu batinjira mu gihugu bagiye kuba umutwaro.
Unarebye no mu bihugu bindi bikomeye ku Isi, usanga bifite abimukira cyangwa se impunzi zabifashije gutera imbere. Igikwiriye gushyirwa imbere ni uko ubuzima bw’abo bantu burengerwa kurusha kubirebera mu zindi nyungu ku ruhande.
Dr Vincent Biruta yavuze ko u Rwanda rugizwe n’abantu benshi babaye mu buhungiro. Rwashoboraga gukomeza kurebera iki kibazo aba bimukira bagakomeza gupfa ariko rwahisemo gukorana n’u Bwongereza kuko ingamba zisanzweho zidakora.
Ati: “Gukora ibi tuzubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga yose n’amasezerano ibihugu byacu byashyizeho umukono”.
Biruta kandi yavuze ko abazakirwa bazaba bagenzuwe neza hakarebwa niba nta byaha baba barakoze cyangwa bakekwaho, ku buryo hazakirwa abizewe gusa, abadashobora kubangamira umutekano n’ituze ry’abanyarwanda.
Iyi gahunda izamara igihe kingana iki?
Ni gahunda izamara imyaka itanu. Mu ntangiriro abo bimukira bazahabwa ibyangombwa n’ubumenyi, hanyuma bagire amahirwe yo guhatana ku isoko ry’umurimo.
Bazafashwa kuvurwa, banitabweho no mu bundi buryo butandukanye. Ntabwo igihe bazagerera mu Rwanda kiratangazwa ariko impande zombi zisobanura ko ari “ mu byumweru biri imbere”.
Ni bande bagize uruhare muri ubu bufatanye?
Igitekerezo cyakiriwe mbere na mbere na Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga, kigwaho bigizwemo uruhare n’izindi nzego zose birebwa.
Minisiteri y’Ubutabera yabigizemo uruhare ireba niba ingingo z’amategeko zose zigomba kuba zubahirijwe. Hashingiye ku masezerano mpuzamahanga ibi bihugu byombi byasinye yo kwita ku mpunzi n’abimukira, bayashingiraho hakorwa amasezerano yasinywe.
Iyi minisiteri kandi yagombaga gutanga umucyo ku bufasha buzahabwa aba bantu mu bijyanye n’amategeko mu gihe bazaba bageze mu gihugu. Bivuze ko urugaga rw’abavoka arirwo rurebwa cyane n’iyi ngingo.
Minisiteri y’Ibiza isanzwe ifite mu nshingano impunzi n’abimukira nayo yabigizemo uruhare, mu gushyiraho umurongo abo bimukira n’impunzi bazakirirwamo.
Urwego rw’Abinjira n’Abasohoka narwo rwagize uruhare mu kugena umurongo ubu bufatanye bugomba kugenderamo.
U Rwanda rusanzwe rucumbikiye impunzi zingahe?
U Rwanda rwigeze kuba mu bihugu bifite impunzi nyinshi ku Isi, uyu munsi ruri mu bya mbere rwiyemeje gukemura ibibazo n’ubuzima bubi impunzi zihura nabyo mu bihugu byabo.
Magingo aya, rucumbikiye impunzi zigera ku bihumbi 130 zo mu bihugu bitandukanye birimo RDC, u Burundi, Afghanistan n’abimukira bo muri Libya bakiriwe by’agateganyo. Bose bafite uburenganzira ku murimo mu gihugu.
IGIHE
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